It might be better if you just remove the whole claw rather than try to take the "thumb" part off. This'll probably take two people.
1) Remove crayfish from tank, use a net, probably easier
2) Grasp him from behind, on the thorax (aka carapace). It'll probably flap its tail around at you, don't get frightened and let go. You can usually keep the tail from flapping if you can get your pinky around it (I'm used to using a one handed method where you grab the carapace between thumb and forefinger, and used the rest of your hand to curl around and keep it from flapping).
3) Flip the little sucka over on his back
4) Grasping the large claw gently, kinda just, twist it off, like you would remove a lobster or crab claw. *hmmm......steamed blue crab...drool*
This is where it is probably easier to have one person hold the sucker while the other person twists the claw off.
5) Repeat second claw
6) Return him to the tank
I don't know if this process "hurts" or not, I'm not exactly sure how crayfish register pain, but it is pretty normal for a crayfish in the wild to loose one or both claws to a predator, or rival in a fight. They are adapted to drop the limb if it becomes a hinderance to the life of the whole animal. They do not eat with these big claws, they are primarily used, as you have discovered, to catch food, attract mates, ward off rivals, and display of that nature. Of course, the everyone knows the claw is where the best meat is...*hmmm....cajun style crawdads....drool*. Shrimp pellets are a fine food, you might want to subliment with an algae waffer now and again as well. Crayfish will eat just about everything.
They will grow back though. Upon your crawfish's next molt, you'll see he has new claws again, and you'll have to remove them again.
~~Colesea