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They are indeed disgusting filth collectors. And you need to remove everything to attempt to clean them. As far as I know, the technology hasn't changed in many years, so the new ones are just as gross as the old. HOB filters are much easier and more maintainable. An HOB and a gravel vacuum are...

How often are you changing bucket-goldie's water? With no filter and a fairly large occupant, I'd look at changing out like 4g daily - good clean water can do wonders for a fish.

Snails aren't big waste producers, and depending on species aren't reproducers either. A single mystery snail cannot breed, or multiple nerite snails as nerites require a saltwater stage in reproduction. They'll lay eggs though. Nerites are good little algae eaters and come in pretty varieties.

With no experience with pirhana, if you are saying you know it is frowned on and your guy is doing well in a good setup, why add another? FYI you see all sorts of things online where someone either throws fish together just for a video, or gets lucky and uses one success as gospel, or crams a...

Awesome, welcome to MFT! I'd love to see pics of your little guys.

Live rock is all I've ever used in a SW aquarium. And a skimmer. So unfortunately I'm not much help in this regard.

Actually, here's a detailed link with helpful pictures! http://reefcentral.com/forums/showthread.php?s=&threadid=601201

I haven't done one. Google "Aqua clear DIY fuge" and lots and lots of things pop up.

How new is the tank? If it's new (under 6 months), most SW tanks go through several algae cycles and most will just recede as the tank sorts itself out. Are you using RODI water? In my personal experience, I have found that algae on the sand bed resolves itself over time. Both cyano...

What type of fish?

Hillstream loaches also like cool water, if you've got a good amount of water flow.

Hi, welcome to the forum!

In a small tank like that, usually regular water changes are fine for removing organics. Honestly, if you do a 2g water change weekly, that's 40% and well more than enough (even 1g weekly would be plenty). So there shouldn't be any buildup for which a protein skimmer would be required. I'd...

FYI, you can make a DIY mini-fuge out of a typical aquaclear filter.

Option A: Stir up the sand intentionally, as much as possible. Get all those little particulates up into the water column. Then siphon out almost all the water while all the particulates are suspended in it (go right down to the sand if no fish, or leave them just enough water to stay...

What size tank? Ammonia level? Goldfish produce a lot of waste, so without any more info my guess would be that the tank isn't fully cycled and there is ammonia building up. In that case, start with a large water change to improve water quality, and the fantail should perk up. Could also be...

Really the only thing off is the ammonia. A big water change will remove most of it. It looks like the tank is not actually cycled yet, so ammonia is building up and not being converted into nitrite then nitrate. You'll want to do a water change whenever the ammonia gets up to 1ppm or above...

Strange on his back... It doesn't look like nipping by other fish, but unfortunately I have no idea what it is.

I am not familiar with that water - are you using a dechlorinator? I'd start with a large water change, like 80%. Fish tank water shouldn't stink, so you want to get whatever is foul out of the water column. Cloudy can be a bacteria bloom. UV will help in that case, but it isn't necessary...

Yup, pellets getting scuzzy in the bottom will definitely pollute the water... Glad it's all cleared up now. He'll be a happy little guy with you.